# Media & Communications Expert

https://hienglishquiz.com/vocabulary/professional-specialized-c2-media-and-communications-vocab

- CEFR: C2 (Proficient)
- Theme: Professional & Specialized
- Words: 22
- Premium: no
- Locked: no

Expert media vocabulary for law and influence in journalism, including defamation, redaction, prior restraint and the filter bubble and echo chamber behind…

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## Word list

* **defamation** /ˌdɛfəˈmeɪʃən/: The act of damaging someone's reputation through a false statement, whether spoken or written. — “The company faced a **defamation** lawsuit over the claims.”
* **gaffer**: The chief lighting technician on a film or television production. — “The **gaffer** adjusted the lights before the next scene.”
* **splice** /splaɪs/: To join separate pieces of film, audio or video together during editing. — “The editor had to **splice** two takes together seamlessly.”
* **post-production**: All the editing, sound and visual effects work done on a film or programme after filming has finished. — “The special effects were added during **post-production**.”
* **redaction**: The removal or blacking out of sensitive information from a document before it is released or published. — “Large sections of the report disappeared under **redaction**.”
* **prior restraint**: A government action that stops information from being published before it even appears, rather than punishing it afterwards. — “The court refused the government's request for **prior restraint**.”
* **wire copy**: A news story received from a news agency, often used with little or no editing. — “The small paper filled its foreign pages with **wire copy**.”
* **slander** /ˈslændər/: A false spoken statement that damages someone's reputation. — “The politician sued the radio host for **slander**.”
* **chyron** /ˈtʃaɪrən/: The text banner shown at the bottom of a television screen during a broadcast. — “The **chyron** displayed the latest stock prices during the interview.”
* **B-roll**: Extra filmed footage used alongside the main shots to illustrate a news story. — “Editors added **B-roll** of the factory floor over the reporter's narration.”
* **chilling effect on speech**: The way fear of consequences stops people publishing. — “One injunction created a **chilling effect on speech** across the sector.”
* **prior restraint order**: A court order stopping something being published in advance. — “A **prior restraint order** is rare and it was granted that Friday.”
* **qualified privilege**: Legal protection for reporting certain proceedings fairly. — “**Qualified privilege** covered the report of the council meeting.”
* **responsible journalism defence**: A defence based on having reported carefully and in the public interest. — “The **responsible journalism defence** succeeded on the evidence of the notebooks.”
* **filter bubble**: The narrowed view created when systems show you only what you like. — “The **filter bubble** was measured and turned out smaller than feared.”
* **echo chamber**: A space where the same views are repeated and reinforced. — “The comment section became an **echo chamber** within a fortnight.”
* **agenda-setting theory**: The theory that media decide what people think about, not what they think. — “**Agenda-setting theory** is fifty years old and still the best explanation.”
* **framing effect**: The way presentation changes how the same facts are understood. — “The **framing effect** in those two headlines is worth a seminar.”
* **manufactured consent**: The idea that media shape public agreement to serve powerful interests. — “**Manufactured consent** is a thesis, not a description, and it is still useful.”
* **information laundering**: Making a dubious claim respectable by passing it through outlets. — “**Information laundering** takes a forum post to a front page in four steps.”
* **astroturfed amplification**: Fake accounts spreading something to make it look popular. — “**Astroturfed amplification** put the hashtag in the trending list by six.”
* **source triangulation**: Confirming a fact from several independent sources. — “**Source triangulation** is why that story took eleven months.”

## Related

- Vocabulary library: https://hienglishquiz.com/vocabulary
- Section guide: https://hienglishquiz.com/vocabulary/llms.txt