# Civil Works Upper Intermediate

https://hienglishquiz.com/vocabulary/construction-and-architecture-2-b2

- CEFR: B2 (Upper-intermediate)
- Theme: Professional & Specialized
- Words: 16
- Premium: no
- Locked: no

Formwork and falsework hold wet concrete in shape, shotcrete gets sprayed straight onto rock, and a slump test checks the mix before it sets — the day-to-day…

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## Word list

* **formwork**: A temporary mould, usually made of wood or steel, that holds wet concrete in shape until it sets. — “Carpenters stripped the **formwork** away two days after the pour.”
* **falsework**: A temporary framework that holds up a bridge or tunnel structure while it's being built. — “The bridge deck rested on **falsework** until the concrete cured enough.”
* **shoring**: Temporary supports fitted inside a trench to stop its walls from collapsing. — “The crew installed **shoring** before anyone climbed into the trench.”
* **grouting**: Injecting a thick liquid mixture into cracks or the ground to fill and strengthen them. — “Engineers carried out **grouting** to seal cracks in the rock beneath the dam.”
* **shotcrete**: Concrete sprayed onto a surface, such as a tunnel wall, under high pressure. — “The tunnel crew sprayed **shotcrete** onto the rock face after blasting.”
* **slump test**: A quick site test that checks how workable a batch of wet concrete is. — “The engineer rejected the batch after a failed **slump test**.”
* **diversion channel**: A temporary channel that carries a river around a work site so it stays dry. — “Engineers diverted the river through a **diversion channel** during construction.”
* **tunnel lining**: The layer of concrete or steel fitted around a tunnel's walls and roof for support. — “Workers fitted precast **tunnel lining** segments as the machine advanced.”
* **cut and fill**: A method of levelling a site by digging soil from higher ground and moving it to raise low areas. — “The team balanced the **cut and fill** across the whole site.”
* **piling rig**: A machine that drives long steel or concrete supports deep into the ground to bear a structure's load. — “The **piling rig** hammered steel piles into the riverbed.”
* **dewatering**: Pumping groundwater out of an excavation so work can continue on dry ground. — “Pumps ran all night for **dewatering** before the pour began.”
* **compaction**: Pressing soil or fill material tightly together with heavy machinery to make it stable. — “A roller passed over the fill several times for **compaction**.”
* **spoil**: Soil or rock dug out during excavation and taken away because it isn't needed. — “Trucks hauled the **spoil** away from the tunnel entrance.”
* **stockpile**: A large supply of material, such as sand or gravel, kept ready on site until needed. — “The yard kept a **stockpile** of sand for the next pour.”
* **haul road**: A temporary road built across a site for heavy trucks to move materials. — “Dump trucks used the **haul road** to shift excavated rock.”
* **seepage**: Water slowly finding its way through or under a structure, such as a dam, when it shouldn't. — “Inspectors found **seepage** along the base of the dam.”

## Related

- Vocabulary library: https://hienglishquiz.com/vocabulary
- Section guide: https://hienglishquiz.com/vocabulary/llms.txt